STUDI PUSTAKA SISTEMATIS:

PENGARUH POLIFENOL DELIMA (Punica granatum L.) TERHADAP KADAR PROSTAGLANDIN E2 DARI SEL MAKROFAG RAW264.7

Faizah Dwi Qurrotul Aini¹, Anita Puspa Widiyana², Doti Wahyuningsih^1*

¹Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Islam Malang, Jl. MT. Haryono 193, Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

²Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Islam Malang, Jl. MT. Haryono 193, Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

^*E-mail co Author: dotiwahyuningsih@unisma.ac.id.

Abstract: Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a compound reported will increase in inflammed tissue and contributed to modulate pain. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) has been proved to have an anti-inflammatory property and ability to attenuate neurogenic pain. This systematic literature review studies the anti-inflammation potention of extract and bioactive compound of pomegranate in decreasing PGE2 in RAW264.7 macrophage cell. Method: Systematic literature review. Data were collected from PubMed Central, PubMed, and Google Scholar using pomegranate, inflammation, PGE2, and RAW264.7 macrophage cell as the keyword. Eight articles according to the inclusion criteria were chosen to be reviewed. Result: Pomegranate peel and flower extracts along with pomegranate fruit and peel polyphenols were proven to decrease PGE2 of RAW264.7 macrophages cell. This pomegranate extracts and polyphenols decrease PGE2 by inhibiting; expression of Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4), Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway, Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-κB) trancript factor activation, and expression and regulation of COX-2 enzyme. Accordingly, the data showed polyphenol of pomegranate inhibit PGE2 synthesis dependently. Conclusion: Pomegranate polyphenol has potency to reduce PGE2 in RAW264.7 macrophage cell.

Keyword: Pomegranate, Inflammation, PGE2, RAW264.7 Macrophage Cell

Abstrak: Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) adalah senyawa yang akan meningkat pada jaringan inflamasi dan berkontribusi memodulasi nyeri. Delima (Punica granatum L.) dilaporkan memiliki potensi anti-inflamasi dan anti-nyeri neurogenik. Studi pustaka sistematis (SPS) ini mempelajari potensi anti-inflamasi ekstrak dan senyawa polifenol delima terhadap penurunan kadar PGE2 pada sel makrofag RAW264.7. Metode: Studi pustaka sistematis. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dari PubMed Central, PubMed, dan Google Scholar berdasarkan kata kunci pomegranate atau Punica granatum, inflammation, PGE2, dan sel makrofag RAW264.7. Delapan artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ditetapkan untuk ditelaah. Hasil: Ekstrak kulit dan bunga delima serta senyawa polifenol dalam buah dan kulit delima terbukti mampu menurunkan kadar PGE2 pada sel makrofag RAW264.7. Aktivitas anti-inflamasi ekstrak kulit dan bunga delima serta senyawa polifenol dalam buah dan kulit delima menurunkan kadar PGE2 melalui hambatan ekspresi Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4), hambatan aktivasi jalur pensinyalan Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK), hambatan aktivasi faktor transkripsi Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-κB), serta hambatan ekspresi dan regulasi enzim COX-2. Data menunjukkan bahwa senyawa polifenol delima menghambat sintesis PGE2 secara dependen. Kesimpulan: Senyawa polifenol delima mampu menurunkan kadar PGE2 pada sel makrofag RAW264.7.

Kata Kunci: Delima, Inflamasi, PGE2, Sel Makrofag RAW264.7